China is popular among animal and nature lovers, as China is home to 156 of 640 species internationally listed as endangered.
Here are five of the endangered species found natively in China. All of these animals can be found at the Beijing Zoo, a popular destination for China tours.
1. Giant Panda
Along with the dragon, the Giant Panda has become a symbol of China. The endangered black and white bear is native to lowland areas of central China, but deforestation and farming have driven it to the mountain ranges of Sichuan, Shaanxi, and Gansu.
Giant Pandas eat bamboo almost exclusively, though they will also eat foods like shrub leaves, eggs, fish, and fruit. Though able to digest meat, pandas normally maintain a vegetarian diet. Pandas will attack when they feel threatened, such as when humans get too close—as several have to Gu Gu, the 240-pound Giant Panda at the Beijing Zoo.
2. Golden Monkey of China
Also called the Golden Thread Monkey, Sichuan Snub-nosed Monkey, the Golden Monkey is a highly endangered species that live in the forests, bamboo jungles, and tall mountains of central and Western China. Because the area is snowy in the winter, Golden Monkeys have strong bodies and thick fur. The bright blue of their faces and eye-catching orange of their fur makes them striking creatures. They have been killed for their beautiful fur, as well as their bones, which Asians believe to hold medicinal powers.
It has proven difficult to breed Golden Monkeys in captivity, so researchers have decided that it is best to preserve them in their natural habitats.
3. Snow Leopard
The endangered Snow Leopard lives in the rocky mountains of Central Asia, between 9,800 and 18,000 feet above sea level. Because of their secretive lifestyles, the size of the snow leopard population is unknown but estimated to be between 3,500 and 7,000 in the wild and up to 700 in zoos around the world.
Snow Leopards have thick fur, ranging from a grey to tan color with a white underbelly, with dark spots. Though protected by law, Snow Leopards are still hunted for their pelts. Most active at dawn and dusk, they hunt their prey and feed mainly on ibex and mountain sheep. They have been known to eat domestic livestock and can kill animals three times larger than they are. A little-known fact is that unlike other large wildcats, Snow Leopards do not roar.
4. Crested Ibis
The rarest bird in the world is the Crested Ibis. While once found in Russia and several Asian countries, it is now endangered due to hunting, for its feathers, and habitat destruction. It is now found in the wild only in China’s Shaanxi province and Japan. The Crested Ibis is protected in both countries, which have programs to breed and release the birds into the wild.
Like other ibises, the Crested Ibis has a long, thin beak; it is distinctive because of its red-skinned head and white plumage on its neck. They typically nest in trees overlooking wetlands and eat small fish, frogs, and other small animals.
5. Chinese Alligator
Endemic to China, the Chinese Alligator (or Yangtze Alligator) is one of two living species of the alligator—the second being the American Alligator, found in the Southern United States. Growing to an average size of five feet, they are about half as large as American Alligators. Alligators may be killed and eaten in China, to cure colds and ward off cancer. While the species tends to be docile, it can easily harm humans.
Chinese agriculture and the practice of poisoning rats (which the alligators eat) has shrunk the natural habitat of the Chinese Alligator to a scant few ponds along the lower Yangtze River in the Anhui, Jiangsu, and Zhejiang provinces. The Chinese Alligator is considered a critically endangered species, and several research centers and zoos worldwide are breeding thousands of them to attempt to release into the wild