Impulse engine
If the Woodward effect is confirmed and if an engine can be designed to use applied Mach effects, then a spacecraft may be possible that could maintain a steady acceleration into and through interstellar space without the need to carry along propellants. Woodward presented a paper about the concept at the
NASA Breakthrough Propulsion Physics Program Workshop conference in 1997,
[25][26] and continued to publish on this subject thereafter.
[27][28][29][30]
Even ignoring for the moment the impact on
interstellar travel, future spacecraft driven by impulse engines based on Mach effects would represent an astounding breakthrough in terms of
interplanetary spaceflight alone, enabling the rapid
colonization of our entire solar system. Travel times being limited only by the specific power of the available power supplies and the acceleration human physiology can endure, they would allow crews to reach any moon or planet in less than three weeks. For example, a typical one-way trip at
1 g acceleration from the Earth to the
Moon would last only about 4 hours; to
Mars, 2 to 5 days; to the
asteroid belt, 5 to 6 days; to
Jupiter, 6 to 7 days.
[31]
Warp drives and wormholes
As showed by the transient mass fluctuation equation above, exotic matter could be theoretically created. And yet large quantity of negative
energy density in scientific literature would be the key element needed to create warp drives
[32] as well as traversable
wormholes.
[33] So if proven to be scientifically valid, practically feasible and scaling as predicted by the theory, the Woodward effect could not only be used for interplanetary travel, but also for apparent
faster-than-light interstellar travel:
- The negative mass could be used to warp spacetime around a spaceship according to an Alcubierre metric.[21][32]
- Enough exotic matter could also be concentrated into a point of space to create a wormhole, and prevent it from collapsing. Woodward and others also state that exotic matter could defocus energy at the outer mouth of the wormhole (making it a white hole) and shape the throat of such a gravitational singularity flat enough to avoid horizon and tidal stresses, resulting in an "absurdly benign traversable wormhole" linking two regions of distant spacetime, a concept well spread in science fiction as stargates.[21][33][34][35][8]
Patents and practical devices
Two patents have been issued to Woodward and associates based on how the Woodward effect might be used in practical devices for producing thrust:
- In 1994, the first patent was granted, titled: "Method And Apparatus To Generate Thrust By Inertial Mass Variance".[36]
- In 2002, a second patent was granted, titled: "Method And Apparatus For Generating Propulsive Forces Without The Ejection Of Propellant".[37]
Woodward and his associates have claimed since the 1990s to have
successfully measured forces at levels great enough for practical use and also claim to be working on the development of a practical prototype
thruster. No practical working devices have yet been publicly demonstrated.
[2][3][20][6]